She not only has five women servants of her own, but her husband's male servants also do her bidding, as seen when she sent them out with provisions for David. May God deal with David, be it ever so severely, if by morning I leave alive one male of all who belong to him!When Abigail saw David, she quickly got off her donkey and bowed down before David with her face to the ground. But Saul had given his daughter Michal, Davids wife, to Paltiel son of Laish, who was from Gallim. I Samuel 144 Article by Sandra Sweeny Silver, Slaves Were Lifeless Tools in Ancient Rome, The Exotic Animal Business in Ancient Rome. When they told Saul, the thing was agreeable to him. 2 Samuel 5:13-16 and 1 Chronicles 14:3-5 reveal that King David took other wives and concubines. When the servants of David came to Abigail at Carmel, they spoke to her, saying, David has sent us to you to take you as his wife. She arose and bowed with her face to the ground and said, Behold, your maidservant is a maid to wash the feet of my lords servants. Then Abigail quickly arose, and rode on a donkey, with her five maidens who attended her; and she followed the messengers of David and became his wife. He tells the messengers to remind Nabal that David's band had protected Nabal's shepherds in the wilderness. Because she is roughly a contemporary of Davids wife, it is possible that Ahinoam of Jezreel is Sauls wife Ahinoam. David didn't take the bait because in verse 19 Merab is married to Adriel the Meholathite, with whom she had 5 children. 3. How old was Esther when she married King Ahasuerus? I think this is one of those stories. A Jewish legend has named her Nitzevet, but there is no biblical confirmation of that name. Damaris Atwater was born in New Haven Colony on November 12, 1648, baptized on October 21, 1649, and died on December 14, 1711. Riding a donkey, Abigail was just coming into view of David when she heard him cursing Nabal for his stinginess, and swearing vengeance against all of Nabal's extended family. Yet these men were very good to us. When Abigail returns home, she finds her husband drunk from feasting like a king and waits until the morning to tell him what she has done (v. 36). 4. 3 The mans name was Nabal,[ b] and his wifes name was Abigail. What does it mean, "For a husband is the head of his wife as Christ is the head of the church. And as for me, your servant, I did not see the men my lord sent. The name Abigail was also borne by Davids sister (1 Chronicles 2:16), who was the mother of Amasa, commander of the army of Absalom. WebDavid was 30 years old when he became king, having just moved from Ziklag (2 Sam 1:1), and settled in Hebron (2 Sam 2:4). Abigail and David - Abigail Was King David's Wisest Wife. 36When Abigail went to Nabal, he was in the house holding a banquet like that of a king. Amid this numerical confusion, three of the many wives of David in the Bible stand out because their relationships provide significant insights into David's character. Abigail, the wife of Nabal of Carmel, is the only woman in the Hebrew Bible who is described as both intelligent and beautiful. Why choose these 300 men? But one of King Davids young men told Abigail what David had planned to do to her husband (v. 14-17). Have an update or correction? 25Please pay no attention, my lord, to that wicked man Nabal. 5 responses 1. Nabal then accuses David of disloyalty to Saul by saying, "There are many slaves nowadays who run away from their masters. 26And now, my lord, as surely as the Lord your God lives and as you live, since the Lord has kept you from bloodshed(AK) and from avenging(AL) yourself with your own hands, may your enemies and all who are intent on harming my lord be like Nabal. When they arrived, they reported every word. 1 Samuel 27:3 (NASB). In an eloquent speech, she persuades him to shed no blood and prophesies that he will be king. While the Bible names seven women as David's spouses, it's possible that he had more, as well as multiple concubines who may have borne him unaccounted-for children. He was shearing his sheep in Carmel. She was both wise[c] and beautiful, but the man was harsh and his deeds were evil. Only one other character named Ahinoam appears in the Hebrew Bible (Sauls wife; see 1 Sam 14:50). The wife of a rich man when she met David, Abigail possessed beauty, intelligence, political shrewdness, and material wealth that helped David at a critical moment when he could have thrown away his chance at success. These wives are Michal, Abigail, and Bathsheba, and their stories greatly influenced the history of Israel. David had six wives while he ruled in Hebron as king of Judah. It is additionally possible that Ahinoam had been Sauls wife before David married her. 1 Chronicles 14:3-5 (NASB), Resurrection Accounts Resurrection of Christ, Thus says the LORD, Let not a wise man boast of his wisdom, and let not the mighty man boast of his might, let not a rich man boast of his riches; but let him who boasts boast of this, that he understands and knows Me . Schearing, Linda. Here are guidelines to help facilitate a meaningful learning experience for everyone. and more. Saul demanded that David give him one hundred foreskins as proof that he had killed so many Philistines. Davids father, Jesse, lived in Bethlehem and was from the tribe of Judah. A good answer provides new insight and perspective. Modern Persecution of Christians in China, Patriarch Jacobs Well & St. Philoumenous, Slaughter of the Theban Legion C. 286 AD, LapsiChristians Who Lapse/Abandon Their Faith, Evodias Named Followers of Christ Christians. Yet, there is no hint of illicit behavior on her part. Why did this secret disciple risk discovery after Jesus was dead (Luke 23:50-53)? Sons were born to David at Hebron: his firstborn was Amnon, by Ahinoam the Jezreelitess; and his second, Chileab, by Abigail the widow of Nabal the Carmelite; and the third, Absalom the son of Maacah, the daughter of Talmai, king of Geshur; and the fourth, Adonijah the son of Haggith; and the fifth, Shephatiah the son of Abital; and the sixth, Ithream, by Davids wife Eglah. New International Version (NIV). Then they waited. By submitting your email address, you understand that you will receive email communications from Bible Gateway, a division of The Zondervan Corporation, 3900 Sparks Drive SE, Grand Rapids, MI 49546 USA, including commercial communications and messages from partners of Bible Gateway. (G) She was an intelligent and beautiful woman, but her husband was surly and mean in his dealingshe was a Calebite. Abigail becomes Davids third wife, after Ahinoam of Jezreel (1 Sam 25:43) and Michal, daughter of Saul (1 Sam 18:27). David requests food for himself and his band of six hundred men who, while in flight from the mad King Saul, have been operating a kind of protection racket against marauders for the shepherds and flocks in the area (vv. He was in high spirits and very drunk. The Many Wives of David in the Bible. Even though someone is pursuing you to take your life, the life of my lord will be bound securely in the bundle of the living by the Lord your God, but the lives of your enemies he will hurl away as from the pocket of a sling. Seven verses later in 1 Samuel 18:27, we are told that Saul gave Michal to David after he killed one hundred Philistines. Otherwise, as surely as the Lord, the God of Israel, lives, who has kept me from harming you, if you had not come quickly to meet me, not one male belonging to Nabal would have been left alive by daybreak., Then David accepted from her hand what she had brought him and said, Go home in peace. Sometimes it is better to just read the Biblical account instead of just giving ones ideas about the story. How can it be said that my loved one is now with our Father in heaven when the Bible tells no one sees heaven until the rapture? Nabal appears to think David's request falls into the latter category, for he sneers at their message. Jonah was in the belly of the whale 4 days. (Judges 7:7). 10Nabal answered Davids servants, Who(M) is this David? Community answers are sorted based on votes. In fact, we read that he Carmel (2 Samuel 3:2). Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Learn Religions. 1 Samuel 18:27 (NASB). At this point in time Michal belonged to another man. King Davids second wife was Abigail the Carmelitess (1 Samuel 25:39-42). Williams cites David and Abigail's common characteristics: both were intelligent, charismatic leaders with good diplomatic and communicating skills, masters of diplomacy who knew how to play situations to their advantage, yet deceptive creatures who could feign victimhood while betraying the trust of others. After Saul heard about the deception, he punished her by giving her in marriage to Palti,the son of Laish (1 Samuel 25:44). (E) He had a thousand goats and three thousand sheep, which he was shearing(F) in Carmel. Why were the Israelites still bound to their covenant to the Gibeonites even after they discovered these people were lying. Consequently, she decided to wait until the morning to tell Nabal what King David had planned to do and shared how she had saved him (v. 36-37). Corrections? "Nahash is the name of Jesse's wife, by whom he had this Abigail, as he had Zeruiah by another wife; so they were sisters by the father, but not by the mother." 40His servants went to Carmel and said to Abigail, David has sent us to you to take you to become his wife., 41She bowed down with her face to the ground and said, I am your servant and am ready to serve you and wash the feet of my lords servants. 42Abigail(BH) quickly got on a donkey and, attended by her five female servants, went with Davids messengers and became his wife. He is such a wicked man that no one can talk to him.Abigail acted quickly. Abigail had one son as Davids wifeChileab. In the Abigail story, on the other hand, the woman is married to an evil husband and prevents him from murdering Nabal (and all the males of the household), as David acknowledges (vv. When they arrived, they reported every word. Mean and inhospitable, he meets his fate, measure-for-measure, in the petrification of his hard heart. Since in ancient Israel widows had no financial support, it may be that King David married Abigail to provide for her financial support. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2000. What is the meaning of 1 Timothy 4:13 when it refers to the public reading of Scripture? 9When Davids men arrived, they gave Nabal this message in Davids name. Michal and David: Michal Was King David's First Wife, Bathsheba, Mother of Solomon, Wife of King David, Biography of King Solomon: The Wisest Man Who Ever Lived, Abigail and David - Abigail Was King David's Wisest Wife. (I Samuel 25:1-44 from the NIV, the New International Version of the Bible.). The phrase "gird on your swords" is key here, says the book Women in Scripture. Vote Up Does God approve of polygamy? Other wives gave birth to nine more sons. Astle, Cynthia. Please forgive your servants presumption. She was one of Sauls two daughters (1 Samuel 14:49) and the younger of the two daughters. What does it mean, "For a husband is the head of his wife as Christ is the head of the church. After Nabal died, David married Abigail (1 Samuel 25:39-42). David married the widowed Bathsheba, but their first child died as punishment from God. David is also known because he played the harp and wrote psalms. In an attempt to save her husband, she hurried to meet David, urging him to halt his plans. The Testimonium Flavianum Question (My Two Cents), The Bible is Accurate Manuscript Evidence, Sayings From the Bible in the 21st Century, Colors & Dyes For Clothing in Ancient Rome, Thanksgiving: First Foods, First Friends1620, Ancient Ossuaries Uncover Biblical Truths. He was in high(BC) spirits and very drunk. His folly there does become the cause of grief and pangs of conscience for having shed blood without cause (v. 31). (Q), 14One of the servants told Abigail, Nabals wife, David sent messengers from the wilderness to give our master his greetings,(R) but he hurled insults at them. All rights reserved worldwide. David then sends for Abigail to become his wife as she intimated. 3 And David dwelleth with Achish in Gath, he and his men, each one with his household, [even] David and his two wives, Ahinoam the Jezreelitess, and Abigail wife of Nabal the Carmelitess. David had also married Ahinoam of Jezreel, and they both were his wives. Riza Gano. Meyers, Carol, ed. BEST VALUE in digital Bible study. After David arranged for Uriah to be killed while he was in the front line of the battle, the prophet Nathan confronted David about his adultery with Bathsheba and arranging for the murder of Uriah (2 Samuel 12:1-8). The Female Ruse: Womens Deception and Divine Sanction in the Hebrew Bible. Does Psalms 90:10 indicate that the lifespan of man should only be 70-80 years? Enraged, David swears on oath: May God do thus and more to David, if by morning, I leave a single pisser against the wall! (v. 22). This is the story as told in the Bible about King David and a woman named Abigail who was married to a man named Nabal. In the five contexts in which she is mentioned, her name is only once referenced after Abigail, King Davids other wife. 11Why should I take my bread(N) and water, and the meat I have slaughtered for my shearers, and give it to men coming from who knows where?, 12Davids men turned around and went back. We are told that she was extremely beautiful. We are told in 1 Samuel 18:20 that Michal loved David. Abigail Wolcott married Oliver Ellsworth on December 10, 1772, providing him with the strength and stability to continue his highly productive life. Adelman, Rachel. It is important to notice that in this passage the numbers refer to the sons born to David. Please give your servants and your son David whatever(L) you can find for them.. 34Otherwise, as surely as the Lord, the God of Israel, lives, who has kept me from harming you, if you had not come quickly to meet me, not one male belonging to Nabal(BA) would have been left alive by daybreak., 35Then David accepted from her hand what she had brought him and said, Go home in peace. And good health to all that is yours! His name also appears as However, these were only some of David's many accomplishments. As Adele Berlin points out: The Abigail story contains no illicit sex, though the opportunity was present; the Bathsheba story revolves around an illicit relationship. However, Jewish studies scholar Sandra S. Williams has proposed another possible motivation for Abigail's actions. While David was in the wilderness, he heard that Nabal wasshearing sheep. . Then the couple could marry. Some scholars say this reference implies that David was merely seeking a quid pro quo from Nabal, but others argue that David was really trying to extort the ancientIsraelite equivalent of "protection money" from Nabal. When Nabal refuses, insulting David and his band as riffraff (vv. Limited polygamy (one man married to more than one woman) was permitted during this era of Israel's history. Arthur Niswar. February 13 2015 How can it be said that my loved one is now with our Father in heaven when the Bible tells no one sees heaven until the rapture? 1011), the young warrior and four hundred of his men gird themselves for bloodshed. Clarify In this crude expression, we are privy to the first glimpse of evil in Davids character. Shalev, Meir. Vote Up Consequently, she was able to save her husbands life (v. 18-35). She is of good sense and beautiful in looks, while he is hard and evil in his deeds (v. 3). Read the latest from JWA from your inbox. WebDavid Marries Abigail the Widow of Nabal 2 There was a man in Maon whose business was in Carmel. Abigail. In Women in Scripture: A Dictionary of Named and Unnamed Women in the Hebrew Bible, the Apocryphal/Deuterocanonical Books and the New Testament, edited by Carol Meyers, Toni Craven, and Ross S. Kraemer, 4344. As Abigail later asserts (v. 25), his character befits his name, Nabal, meaning fool or boor (see Prov 17:7, 21, and Isa 32:6). All references to her occur with, or in close literary proximity to, Abigail (another wife of David, king of Israel, c. 1005965 B.C.E.). There are no other biblical passages that describe the marriage of King David and Ahinoam other than she became the mother of Davids first son (2 Samuel 3:2; 1 Chronicles 3:1). Report No, Jesus was not the first son of David and Bathsheba. Astle, Cynthia. Please ensure your answer MEETS all our guidelines. The order of the names may imply that Ahinoam was a preferred wife over Abigail since every time the wives are mentioned in Scripture Ahinoam is listed first (1 Samuel 30:5; 2 Samuel 2:2; 1 Chronicles 3:1). David and Abigail, by Frans Pourbus the Elder, c. 1570/80, oil on canvas, Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna, Austria. If David had married Merab, then his total number of legitimate spouses would have been eight -- still within the limits of the religious law, as the rabbis later interpreted it. Jesus sent out 70 Disciples to preach His Good News. It was not until Hebron that he had any children The story of Abigail and David ranks almost as exciting and deceitful as that of David and his most famous wife, Bathsheba. Astle, Cynthia. The chapter is set during the sheep-shearing festival, a time renowned for feasting and revelry. [In Hebrew.] Wife or mistress? https://www.learnreligions.com/abigail-and-david-116669 (accessed May 1, 2023). Bathsheba and David: Biblical Romance and Tragedy, Bathsheba, Mother of Solomon, Wife of King David, David and Goliath Bible Story Study Guide, 8 Mothers in the Bible Who Served God Well, Biography of King Solomon: The Wisest Man Who Ever Lived, Michal and David: Michal Was King David's First Wife. Jewish Women's Archive. For centuries, this "bond of blood" concept -- the idea that rulers feel bound to the kingdoms ruled by their wives' relatives -- was often employed, and just as often violated. Saul did this because he knew Michal loved David and she betrayed him. Hebrew Bible Monographs 60. Scholars Dispute Whether David Married Merab, Amid All the Wives of David in the Bible 3 Stand Out, References for the Many Wives of David in the Bible. Holy Bible, New International Version, NIV Copyright 1973, 1978, 1984, 2011 by Biblica, Inc. Used by permission. She obsequiously prostrates herself, calling David lord and herself maidservant prepared to wash [his] servants feet; though, ironically, she follows the messenger with five maids on donkeys in tow (vv. T/F. Bathsheba gave King David a total of thirteen children (1 Chronicles 3:5-8). These are the names of the children born to him in Jerusalem: Shammua, Shobab, Nathan, Solomon, Ibhar, Elishua, Elpelet, Nogah, Nepheg, Japhia, Elishama, Beeliada and Eliphelet. What was a concubine in the Old Testament era? Learn what the Bible teaches about each of his wives. NET Bible copyright 1996-2017 by Biblical Studies Press, L.L.C. Eight wives of David are named in Scripture. Ahinoam and Abigail are with David during his stay with King Achish of Gath (1 Sam 27:3), are taken captive when Amalekites raid Ziklag, Davids Philistine base (1 Sam 30:5), and are among those who go with David to Hebron when he becomes king over Judah (2 Sam 2:2). And all Israel assembled and mourned for him, and they buried him in his house at Ramah. The name Jezreel means God soweth. The name Abigail was also borne by Davids sister (1 Chronicles 2:16), who was the mother of Amasa, commander of the army of Absalom. (Mark 6:48). In the Abigail story, David, the potential king, is seen as increasingly strong and virtuous, whereas in the Bathsheba story, the reigning monarch shows his flaws ever more overtly and begins to lose control of his family.. (AM) 27And let this gift,(AN) which your servant has brought to my lord, be given to the men who follow you. This makes David an outlaw, camping out in the wilderness while trying to build up some following among the people. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. She took two hundred loaves of bread, two skins of wine, five dressed sheep, five seahs[b] of roasted grain,(W) a hundred cakes of raisins(X) and two hundred cakes of pressed figs, and loaded them on donkeys. While running a protection racket in the area of Carmel, David asks for provisions for himself and his men but Nabal refuses, so the young warrior prepares for slaughter. The Lord your God will certainly make a lasting(AP) dynasty for my lord, because you fight the Lords battles,(AQ) and no wrongdoing(AR) will be found in you as long as you live. Polzin, Robert. Now Michal, Sauls daughter, loved David. 6Say to him: Long life to you! Retrieved from https://www.learnreligions.com/davids-many-wives-in-bible-117324. When the Lord has fulfilled for my lord every good thing he promised concerning him and has appointed him ruler over Israel, my lord will not have on his conscience the staggering burden of needless bloodshed or of having avenged himself. Her birthdate has also been reported as November 2, 1647. iii. 1 Samuel 25:39-42 (NASB). Who is this son of Jesse? 3334). Report As in the encounters with King Saul that frame this story (chs. 2 Samuel 6:23 (NASB). Asked December 26 2014 Abigail quickly intervenes, sending a feast ahead and greeting David on the way. Philadelphia: Trinity Press International, 1990. Rachel Adelman
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